Effects of Adiponectin on Akt Expression Under Hypoglycemic and Hyperglycemic Conditions in HL-1 Cardiomyocytes

Background purpose: Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a distinct cardiac disorder that develops independently of conventional risk factors such as coronary artery disease and hypertension. Adiponectin activates various intracellular signaling cascades. Akt, a critical serine/threonine kinase in cardiomyocytes, regulates cell survival, growth and metabolism. The role of Adiponectin in regulating Akt in Diabetic cardiomyopahty remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate how Adiponectin regulates Akt expression under varying glucose conditions mimicking hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic conditions in the HL-1 cardiac cell line.Methods: Total RNA was isolated from HL-1 cells and Akt gene expression was analyzed by RT-PCR using specific forward and reverse primers. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test.Results: Adiponectin showed differential effects on Akt expression depending on glucose concentration, as well as dose and time dependent conditions in HL-1 cells.Conclusion: Adiponectin stimulation significantly regulated Akt expression under hypoglycemic, basal, and hyperglycemic conditions. These findings suggest that Adiponectin regulates the insulin signaling pathway and may influence cardiac energy metabolism by shifting substrate utilization toward fatty acids. Therefore, Adiponectin may represent a potential therapeutic target in Diabetic cardiomyopathy and contribute novel insights to the literature.