The Histidine‐Rich Glycoprotein A1043G Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Recurrent Miscarriage in Erbil—The Kurdistan Region of Iraq

BACKGROUND/AIM: Recurrent miscarriage (RM) is a major reproductive concern affecting a large number of women worldwide. Genetic factors are thought to play an important role in RM. Due to its potential function in angiogenesis, the histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) gene has become a focus of research. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the association between the HRG A1043G single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and RM. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To meet the objectives of the study, 110 women with a history of RM were included. The control group consisted of 60 women who had delivered children and had no history of miscarriage. Blood samples were collected from all participants; genomic DNA was extracted and amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Sanger sequencing was performed to screen for the A1043G polymorphism in exon 7 of the HRG gene. RESULTS: The findings revealed a significant association between the HRG SNP and the risk of RM at both genotypic and allelic levels. Compared to the AA genotype, mutant genotypes (AG + GG) showed a significantly higher risk of RM (p = 0.041). The G allele was also significantly associated with RM, as indicated by the odds ratio (OR) analysis (p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated that genetic variation in the HRG gene may contribute to susceptibility to RM.