Asymptotic Photon Path Geodesics and the Cosmic Mercator: Challenging the Unproven Straight Line in Space and the Unverified One-Way Speed Of Light on assumed Flat Spacetime Projections and Trajectories

This paper challenges the foundational pillars of the standard cosmological model (ΛCDM) by exposing a series of systemic semantic and geometric category mistakes embedded within its operational frameworks. We demonstrate that the primordial reliance on "nothingness" as a generative baseline is a linguistic illusion resulting from the erroneous reification of a logical operator (NOT). By tracing the mathematical origin of zero (Shunya) back to its foundational conceptualization as a dynamic equilibrium—mirrored in chemical thermodynamics (ΔG=0)—we argue against its treatment as an absolute physical vacuum. Furthermore, utilizing Bertrand Russell's Theory of Types, we prove that treating the "All" or absolute cosmic totality as a singular input generates fatal systemic paradoxes. Extending this critique to spatial geometry, we demonstrate that the unverified dogmatic assumption of the Euclidean "straight line" and flat universe models (Ωk=0) introduces severe topological distortions akin to the Mercator projection, forcing modern physics to invent mathematical anomalies such as cosmic singularities and dark energy to compensate for boundary defects. Finally, we expose the circular tautology of the Poincaré-Einstein synchronization convention, highlighting that the one-way speed of light has never been empirically verified. We conclude by questioning whether the physical trajectory of a photon on large cosmic scales can be proven to be a straight Euclidean line rather than a complex asymptotic path on unfathomably long cosmic scales, which when in virtue of local small scales finds itself facing a shift toward familiar misleading universal flatness. Analogous to how terrestrial sphericity escapes localized human perception on a coastline, global cosmic non-linearity is obfuscated by localized flat approximations.