A Lo-Shu Nine-Palace Framework for Glycation Corrosion Index (GCI): Mathematical Modeling of Cumulative Glycemic Exposure and Spatial Decomposition of Vascular-Neural Damage Rates
We introduce the Glycation Corrosion Index (GCI = max(HbA1c - 5.7, 0)) and its time-integrated form (IGCI), formalize an ODE-based corrosion dynamics model for nine target tissues, and map the resulting tissue-specific damage energies onto the Lo-Shu Nine-Palace (Jiu Gong Tu) spatial framework. The nine palaces correspond to nine organ systems ranked by AGE vulnerability: retinal microvasculature (N-palace, k=1.00), glomerular vasculature (S-palace, k=0.88), cerebral vasculature (NE-palace, k=0.82), peripheral sensory nerve (W-palace, k=0.79), peripheral motor nerve (E-palace, k=0.75), autonomic nerve (SE-palace, k=0.71), coronary artery (NW-palace, k=0.67), lower-limb macrovasculature (SW-palace, k=0.58), and systemic AGE baseline (C-palace, k=0.50). We further propose the Glycation Network Integrity Index (GNII) based on Fiedler lambda2 algebraic connectivity as a microvascular erosion metric. Cross-sectional NHANES 2003-2004 data (n=2,630; diabetic n=400) support the threshold concept: HbA1c 9-10% shows PN rate 36.4% vs 14-19% at lower levels. The framework provides a rigorous foundation for multi-organ glycation damage prediction, with DCCT/EDIC longitudinal validation planned.
Authors
- Yao-Kai Kao
Institutions
- National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (TW)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Published
- 2026-05-31
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20476451
- Primary Topic
- Advanced Glycation End Products research
- Type
- preprint