Intelligent Monitoring and Dynamic Regulation Equipment and Software Development for the Equal-Pressure Fully Mechanized Mining Face in the Sandaogou Coal Mine

The coal seams mined in the Sandaogou Coal Mine are characterized by shallow burial depth, high susceptibility to spontaneous combustion, and near-horizontal occurrence. Surface air leakage not only leads to abnormal gas emissions from the goaf but also results in frequent low-oxygen conditions at the working face. Meanwhile, it increases the oxygen concentration in the composite goaf, thereby elevating the risk of spontaneous combustion of residual coal.To address the above issues, a comprehensive intelligent ventilation regulation system was established. Based on the on-site meteorological conditions, gas emission rates, and the number of personnel, the required airflow for the working face was calculated, resulting in a demand of 1122.66 m3/min.The ventilation route was determined, and an equal-pressure system—comprising fans, air doors, sensors, and other components—was designed. Based on ventilation resistance calculations and the functional relationships among fan frequency, rotational speed, air pressure, and airflow, the FBD-№12.5 2 × 75 kW variable-frequency equal-pressure fan was selected. An intelligent remote control system for air doors and an intelligent monitoring system for local fans were developed, integrating multiple types of sensors—including differential pressure, multi-parameter, photoelectric, and proximity sensors—to enable automated control and coordinated operation of air doors, air windows, and fans. An intelligent monitoring software platform consisting of seven functional modules was established, achieving real-time monitoring and dynamic balancing of working-face air pressure, airflow, and goaf differential pressure. This system significantly enhances the level of intelligent safety management in coal mine operations.