Assessment of the antihyperlipidemic activity of Capparis divaricata Lam. in a rat experimental model

Abstract Hyperlipidemia, a condition marked by high lipid levels, is major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases although synthetic hypolipidemic agents are available; their prolonged use can lead to negative side effects. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in investigating plant-based alternatives that have low toxicity current aim examine the Antihyperlipidemic effects of Capparis divaricate Lam. EECD in Wistar rats with D-fructose-induced hyperlipidaemia Hyperlipidaemia was triggered in rats by administering 25% D-fructose in their drinking water for a period of 21 days. The subjects were categorized into five groups Each group contain 6 animals normal control group, a negative control group (D-fructose), a standard group receiving Fenofibrate at 250 mg/kg and along with two experimental groups that received EECD at dose 250 and 500 mg/kg orally. According to LC-MS analysis flavonoids such as quercetin, kaempferol, rutin, isoquercitrin these major chemical constituents which are responsible for Antihyperlipidemic activity. Characteristics of the lipid profile In addition to a histological analysis of liver samples, factors such as cholesterol, TG, LDL, VLDL, HDL and creatinine were assessed. Administration of EECD produced marked decreases in cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and VLDL, while progressively recovering HDL concentrations in a dose-dependent manner similar to fenofibrate. Additionally, extract demonstrated enhancements in liver histopathology, characterized by reducing hepatocyte ballooning, reduced steatosis and less leucocyte infiltration. The presence of flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, alkaloids and glycosides was shown by preliminary phytochemical investigation these substances are major responsible the pharmacological effects that were noted. Capparis divaricata Lam. demonstrates significant antihyperlipidemic effects in rats with D-fructose-induced hyperlipidemia Its effectiveness is on par with the standard medication fenofibrate highlighting its promise as a natural treatment option for controlling hyperlipidemia. Keywords: Hyperlipidemia, Capparis divaricata Lam, Ethanolic extract of Capparis divaricata, D-fructose, Lipid profile.