WHEN IT PAYS FOR THE STATE TO INVEST IN CITIZENS' HEALTH: A FISCAL LIFE-CYCLE MODEL

This article proposes a fiscal life-cycle model that quantifies how much a citizen returns to the state in taxes at each age and when investment in their health yields the state the greatest return. The model is built on the apparatus of the mathematical theory of intelligence: the human life path is represented as a fuzzy hybrid automaton, fiscal value is represented by a possibility–necessity pair (Π, N) instead of a single number, and the allocation of a limited medical resource is treated as the optimal decision of an intelligent agent under uncertainty. The analysis shows that in adult life the lower bound of the tax contribution stays positive as long as a person makes monetary purchases in the official economy; that the net fiscal position passes through three phases (childhood deficit, working surplus, old-age deficit); and that the fiscal return on health investment falls with age yet stays positive, so the effective criterion is the timeliness of care at any age. The hidden private tax (economic rent) and the rehabilitation of the young wounded, as a point of highest potential fiscal, demographic and social return, are considered separately. The model is calibrated on open Ukrainian data for 2025; the values given are illustrative. The article concerns only the fiscal cross-section, which is not a measure of a person's worth.