Exploring an Equity-Focused Model for United States Navy Weight Management Instruction: A Policy Analysis and Military Workplace Health Improvement Plan

Background: The United States Navy (USN) faces significant challenges with overweight and obesity, which directly impact operational readiness. Current policy (OPNAVINST 6110.1K) mandates workday-integrated physical activity but uses passive language that allows for inconsistent command-level adherence, potentially creating an unequal weight management burden across occupational types. Methods: This qualitative study utilized key informant interviews (n=13) with USN subject matter experts, including Command Fitness Leaders, medical professionals, and personnel with policy experience. Data were analyzed to elicit perspectives on amending policy to more effectively support weight management and readiness objectives. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify barriers and facilitators to successful policy implementation. Results: Findings substantiate the policy's foundational intent but reveal a critical gap in monitoring and enforcement. Experts recommended four primary areas for strategic change: (1) strengthening policy language from passive guidance to an assertive mandate requiring command-specific adaptation; (2) establishing clear frameworks for accountability through the chain of command; (3) realigning key personnel, including transitioning Command Fitness Leaders to full-time billets and repositioning dietitians for direct fleet support; and (4) optimizing essential assets, such as better integrating the Physical Readiness Information Management System and promoting the Navy Operational Fitness and Fueling System. Conclusion: The effectiveness of USN weight management policy hinges on strategic reinforcement and practical execution, not fundamental redesign. A Workplace Health Improvement Plan, based on expert recommendations, is proposed to bridge the gap between policy intent and command-level adherence. Implementing these changes is critical for building a sustainable, equitable, and effective system to support a ready and resilient naval force.