Event-scale ecological impacts of dust storms in East Asia: processes, damage, and assessment challenges

Dust storms can cause rapid ecological impacts on terrestrial and marine ecosystems. This review synthesizes the event-scale ecological impacts of East Asian dust storms, focusing on dust generation, transport, deposition, and ecosystem responses. It further evaluates the strengths and limitations of current observational and modeling approaches for capturing the immediacy and destructiveness of dust storms. Future research should prioritize impact-oriented, event-scale frameworks for ecological damage assessment.