Systematic Chemical Profiling of <i>Allii macrostemonis Bulbus</i> Based on Ultra‐High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography‐Quadrupole‐Exactive Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry

This study aimed to systematically characterize the chemical composition and develop a reliable strategy for identifying compounds in Allii macrostemonis Bulbus (AMB). This study employed an efficient, highly sensitive, and high-resolution analytical approach utilizing ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-Quadrupole-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry with parallel reaction monitoring scanning. A total of 130 compounds were preliminarily discovered in the AMB. The 130 compounds included 77 steroidal saponins, 23 nitrogen-containing compounds, 14 organic acids, 14 amino acids, and two other compounds, by comparing with reference substances, secondary characteristic ion fragments, public databases, and literature. Among these, A total of 77 compounds were reported for the first time. This result significantly expands the knowledge of the chemical constituents of AMB and contributes to the understanding of its active constituents for quality control.