Genomic Analysis Reveals Dominance of Human Adenovirus Genotype B114 Among Circulating Strains Historically Identified as B3

Human adenovirus (HAdV)-114 (P7H3F3) is a newly identified recombinant genotype, while recent studies suggest that it likely represents a previously circulating HAdV-3 strain. A total of 413 strains previously identified as HAdV-3 from 20 Chinese provinces during 2000-2024, along with 125 GenBank-derived HAdV-3 strains (1988-2023), underwent genotype reconfirmation and genetic evolutionary analysis using the penton base, hexon, and fiber genes. Furthermore, 97 representative strains were selected for whole-genome analysis to determine their genetic recombination patterns. Of the 538 analyzed strains, 537 were identified as HAdV-114 using three genes, with only one 2010 U.S strain classified as HAdV-3. Phylogenetic analysis revealed three HAdV-114 clades (Clades 1-3): Clade 1 (1988-2019) displayed sporadic circulation, Clade 2 (2023-2024) appeared geographically restricted to three Chinese provinces, and Clade 3 (2000-2024) likely represented the globally dominant strain. Genetic evolutionary analyses indicated that, although HAdV-114 originated from recombination between HAdV-7 and HAdV-3, its three Clades diverged from the parental trajectories, with Clades 1 and 3 sharing a common evolutionary origin and Clade 2 forming an independent terminal cluster. Genomic recombination analysis identified two recombination patterns across the three clades. All clades shared a 3' terminal genomic region (nt 18,794-end) derived from HAdV-3, whereas their 5' ends comprised gene fragments recombined from unknown sources and epidemic HAdV-7 strains, with varied breakpoints. HAdV-114, historically identified as HAdV-3, is the predominant genotype associated with HAdV-related respiratory infections. Therefore, enhanced surveillance of recombinant HAdV strains is imperative for effective disease control.

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Publication Details

Journal
Journal of Medical Virology
Published
2026-05-29
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.70993
Primary Topic
Virus-based gene therapy research
Type
article
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article

Genomic Analysis Reveals Dominance of Human Adenovirus Genotype B114 Among Circulating Strains Historically Identified as B3

Yingwei Ma, J Jiang, Naiying Mao, Zhujian Wang et al.
Journal of Medical Virology
Virus-based gene therapy research
article

Genomic Analysis Reveals Dominance of Human Adenovirus Genotype B114 Among Circulating Strains Historically Identified as B3

Yingwei Ma, J Jiang, Naiying Mao, Zhujian Wang, Chongyang Li, Feng Daxing, Caixiao Jiang, Y ZHANG, Maozhong Li, Yanhui Chu, Shu Liang, Xiaoling Tian, Haiyun Chen, Xingyu Xiang, Yi-Xiang Wang, Jianfang Yang, Ruiqiu Zhao, L Q Zhao, ZHOU Haiqing, Cui Aili, Jikui Deng, J Xu, Jie Yin, Baicheng Xia, Xueping Ma, Yali Jin, Xiaoqing Liu, Zhen Zhu, Zhengde Xie, Feng Zhang, Min Mu, Bing Zhu, Zhong Li, Chunyu Zhu
article en

Abstract

Human adenovirus (HAdV)-114 (P7H3F3) is a newly identified recombinant genotype, while recent studies suggest that it likely represents a previously circulating HAdV-3 strain. A total of 413 strains previously identified as HAdV-3 from 20 Chinese provinces during 2000-2024, along with 125 GenBank-derived HAdV-3 strains (1988-2023), underwent genotype reconfirmation and genetic evolutionary analysis using the penton base, hexon, and fiber genes. Furthermore, 97 representative strains were selected for whole-genome analysis to determine their genetic recombination patterns. Of the 538 analyzed strains, 537 were identified as HAdV-114 using three genes, with only one 2010 U.S strain classified as HAdV-3. Phylogenetic analysis revealed three HAdV-114 clades (Clades 1-3): Clade 1 (1988-2019) displayed sporadic circulation, Clade 2 (2023-2024) appeared geographically restricted to three Chinese provinces, and Clade 3 (2000-2024) likely represented the globally dominant strain. Genetic evolutionary analyses indicated that, although HAdV-114 originated from recombination between HAdV-7 and HAdV-3, its three Clades diverged from the parental trajectories, with Clades 1 and 3 sharing a common evolutionary origin and Clade 2 forming an independent terminal cluster. Genomic recombination analysis identified two recombination patterns across the three clades. All clades shared a 3' terminal genomic region (nt 18,794-end) derived from HAdV-3, whereas their 5' ends comprised gene fragments recombined from unknown sources and epidemic HAdV-7 strains, with varied breakpoints. HAdV-114, historically identified as HAdV-3, is the predominant genotype associated with HAdV-related respiratory infections. Therefore, enhanced surveillance of recombinant HAdV strains is imperative for effective disease control.

Journal of Medical VirologyVol. 98(6)
Anhui University of Science and Technology (CN), Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CN), Xian Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CN), Shenyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CN), Capital Institute of Pediatrics (CN), Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center (CN), Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University (CN), Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CN), Inner Mongolia Comprehensive Disease Prevention and Control Center (CN), Yunnan Center for Disease Control And Prevention (CN), Hainan Center for Disease Control & Prevention (CN), Ministry of Health (OM), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention (CN), Beijing Children’s Hospital (CN), Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CN), Shenzhen Children's Hospital (CN), Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CN), Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CN), Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (CN), Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control (CN), Ningxia Center for Diseases Prevention and Control (CN), Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CN), Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CN), Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CN), Taiyuan University of Science and Technology (CN), Changchun University (CN), Chongqing Medical University (CN), Guangzhou Medical University (CN)
Good health and well-being
Openalex Percentile: Top 6%
Virus-based gene therapy research
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