Phase Ib/ <scp>II</scp> Study of Preliminary Efficacy, Safety and Pharmacodynamics of <scp>MG</scp> ‐ <scp>K10</scp> , a Humanised Monoclonal Antibody Targeting <scp>IL</scp> ‐ <scp>4Rα</scp> , in Adult Chinese Patients With Asthma

ABSTRACT Background MG‐K10 is a long‐acting, humanised monoclonal antibody against interleukin‐4 receptor alpha (IL‐4Rα), which inhibits IL‐4 and IL‐13‐mediated signalling to reduce type 2 inflammation in asthma. Objective This Phase Ib/II study aimed to evaluate the preliminary efficacy, safety and pharmacodynamic characteristics of MG‐K10 in Chinese patients with asthma. Methods This study included an initial phase Ib to evaluate safety and tolerability, followed by a phase II study in which eligible patients with moderate‐to‐severe asthma were randomised 1:1:1 to receive MG‐K10 300 mg every 2 weeks (Q2W), MG‐K10 300 mg every 4 weeks (Q4W), or a matched placebo (2 mL) Q2W subcutaneously for 24 weeks. The primary endpoint was the absolute change from baseline in the prebronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1 ) at week 12. Secondary efficacy endpoints, including asthma control, the rate of severe exacerbations and safety, were assessed. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05382910). Results A total of 64, 60 and 63 patients were randomised to the MG‐K10 Q2W, MG‐K10 Q4W and placebo groups respectively. At week 12, the least squares mean improvements in prebronchodilator FEV 1 were significantly greater in both MG‐K10 groups than in the placebo group [Q2W vs. placebo: 0.35 L (95% CI, 0.208–0.490), Q4W vs. placebo: 0.30 L (95% CI, 0.156 to 0.441), both p &lt; 0.0001]. Greater FEV 1 improvements were observed in patients with baseline blood eosinophils ≥ 0.3 × 10 9 /L. The incidence of adverse events was similar across groups [MG‐K10 300 mg, Q2W (79.7%), MG‐K10 300 mg Q4W (85.0%) and placebo groups (79.4%)]. MG‐K10 was safe and well‐tolerated, and consistent with the known safety signals. Conclusions MG‐K10 was superior to placebo in improving lung function, enhancing asthma control and reducing severe exacerbations in patients with asthma. The once‐every‐4‐week regimen offers extended dosing intervals that may enhance medication adherence.