Factors influencing medical students’ decisions on specialty training in radiology at King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study

Radiology is an essential medical specialty, yet the decision to pursue it is shaped by several factors, including educational exposure, perceived workload, and patient interaction. This study explores the factors influencing medical students and interns at King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Saudi Arabia, in selecting radiology as a specialty. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 380 medical students and interns at KKU. The participants were asked about their demographic background, exposure to radiology, and the factors influencing their specialty choices. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package of Social Science Software version 23, with Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests applied to assess associations between variables. A P value of <.05 was considered statistically significant. Of the 380 participants, 62.9% had some exposure to radiology, and 39.2% considered radiology as a future specialty. The most commonly cited reasons for choosing radiology included its diversity (68.2%), minimal patient interaction, and the interesting content (63.4%). Conversely, radiation exposure (78.7%) and choosing another specialty (53.4%) were the main reasons for not pursuing radiology. A significant association was found between exposure to radiology and the likelihood of choosing it as a specialty (P < .001). Technological advancements in Radiology appeal to many students, but concerns about radiation exposure and patient interaction deter others. Addressing these concerns through early educational exposure and mentorship could increase interest in the specialty. Further longitudinal research across multiple institutions is needed to gain deeper insights.