Research Progress on Chlorantraniliprole Derivatives as Ryanodine Receptor-Targeted Insecticides: A Review (2021–2025)

The ryanodine receptor (RyR) represents a pivotal target for modern insecticide development. Chlorantraniliprole (CHL), a leading anthranilic diamide insecticide, has achieved broad commercial success. However, the rapid emergence of target-site resistance in major lepidopteran pests necessitates the development of new and effective RyR activators. This review systematically summarizes recent advances (2021–2025) in the structural modification of chlorantraniliprole. Key derivatives modified at distinct molecular regions are discussed, highlighting their insecticidal activities. Structure–activity relationships, modes of action, and resistance mechanisms associated with RyR mutations are analyzed. The review provides valuable insights into the rational design of RyR-targeting insecticides with improved efficacy and reduced resistance.