Towards Water and Energy Security in Rural Agriculture: Technical Analysis of an Autonomous Photovoltaic Pumping System

This study evaluates the technical feasibility of an autonomous photovoltaic pumping system for agricultural use in isolated communities, using a representative region of the Mixteca Poblana, Mexico, as a case study. A reference sizing methodology reported in the literature was adopted for the sizing of isolated systems, and subsequently enhanced through a structured methodological extension, applied in the final stage of the design, focused on the technical validation and commercial selection of system components. The base framework incorporates site characterization and crop selection criteria. Subsequent stages define the hydraulic and electrical design requirements for the extension of the methodology, such as the calculation of water demand, the determination of pump power, and the estimation of energy requirements. These parameters enable the integrated correlation between hydraulic demand and electrical system constraints in the selection of the main system components, including the pump, photovoltaic array, battery storage system, water storage tank, and inverter. The technical robustness of the combined approach was validated through a simulation performed using specialized solar pumping software, confirming the operational feasibility and replication potential in rural communities with similar conditions.