The impact of thyroid function parameters and positive thyroid antibodies on IVF success in euthyroid infertile women: a prospective observational study

Abstract Background Thyroid hormones significantly influence fertility and pregnancy. This study aimed to assess whether having pre-transfer TSH levels of 0.5–2.5 mIU/L versus 2.5–4.5 mIU/L and the presence of thyroid antibodies (anti-TPO or anti-TG) affect pregnancy outcomes in euthyroid infertile women undergoing IVF. Methods A prospective observational study was conducted, involving 98 euthyroid patients aged 23–35 with normal ovarian reserve, scheduled for IVF between June and December 2023. Patients were categorized into two groups based on their TSH levels: 0.5–2.5 mIU/L (Group 1, n = 65) and 2.5–4.5 mIU/L (Group 2, n = 33). Thyroid antibodies (anti-TG and anti-TPO) were solicited from all patients. Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation was followed by oocyte pickup (OPU), and pregnancy outcomes were assessed. Results No statistically significant difference was observed between the two TSH groups in terms of biochemical or clinical pregnancy rates. Furthermore, the presence of thyroid antibodies did not significantly influence pregnancy outcomes or abortion rates in either group. Conclusion In euthyroid infertile patients undergoing IVF, pre-transfer TSH levels within the 0.5–4.5 mIU/L range do not appear to significantly affect pregnancy and clinical pregnancy outcomes. Additionally, the presence of thyroid antibodies does not influence pregnancy outcomes or abortion rates.