In Situ Constructing Cyclodextrin‐Based Metal–Organic Framework With Bifunctional Surface Nanostructure for Progressive and Clean Energy Combustion Release of Nitrocellulose‐Based Propellants

ABSTRACT Surface deterring is a pivotal technology for achieving the progressive energy release of nitrocellulose‐based propellants, whilst it is plagued by surface structural instability and excessive muzzle flash. In this study, a bifunctional surface architecture was constructed via alkaline‐induced surface denitration and in situ self‐assembly of a cyclodextrin‐based metal–organic framework (CD‐K‐MOF), enabling the synergistic regulation of combustion progression and flame suppression. By integrating a gradient denitration layer with a porous MOF barrier, the dynamic vivacity increment (Δ L ) reached 0.0791 MPa −1 ·s −1 , demonstrating controllable combustion progressivity. Furthermore, the potassium‐rich CD‐K‐MOF skeleton acts as a high‐efficiency chemical inhibitor; by interrupting radical chain reactions, it reduced muzzle flash area by 54% and suppressed CO and NO x emissions for cleaner energy release. Kinetic studies confirm that this engineered interface triggers a “retardant‐then‐catalytic” effect, optimizing the thermal decomposition pathway. This strategy offers a reliable paradigm for simultaneously controlling internal ballistic performance and environmental impact in advanced propellants.