Eco sustainable extraction of malachite green via emulsion liquid membrane using green solvent

In recent decades, Malachite green (MG) dye, an organic compound is broadly employed in the production of cotton fabrics, silk, leather and paper. MG dyes are also utilized in various application such as aquaculture, antibacterial, pH indicator and also in forensic purpose. MG containing wastewater emerged from these sectors has adverse effect. MG dye is more toxic and carcinogenic in nature and hence the waste stream from the industries should be treated before discharge to the atmosphere. In this study, an eco-friendly process to remove MG dye from synthetic solution, was exploited using Green Emulsion Liquid Membrane (GELM) process. GELM is composed of waste cooking oil (WCO) as diluent and combination of span 80 and tween 80 was employed as a surfactant to vary the Hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value. Aliquat 336 and HCl are used as carrier and stripping agent (internal) respectively. Experiments were carried out with different carrier and surfactants. The six significant variables were optimized by employing Box-Behnken design (BBD) for MG dye removal using GELM. The optimized condition for the significant parameters to attain MG dye removal efficiency of 99.5% using GELM process is as follows: Aliquat 336 concentration – 4.33 (v/v %), HLB – 6.1, HCl concentration – 0.58 N, Volume ratio-2.8:1, treat ratio – 1:8.7, Agitation speed − 469 rpm. In addition, the mechanism of dye removal and ANOVA tool was used to check the applicability of the mathematical model.