Psychosocial risks, sleep quality, arterial hypertension and metabolic diseases among teachers at an educational institution in Guayaquil, Ecuador

The interaction between psychosocial demands and the biological processes governing sleep and metabolism constitutes a critical axis of the teaching profession, although it remains insufficiently explored in occupational health research. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between psychosocial risks, sleep quality, and metabolic diseases among teachers at an educational institution in Guayaquil. A quantitative, correlational, cross-sectional study was conducted in 107 teachers using a digital questionnaire that included the following instruments: FPSICO 4.1, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and WHO STEPS. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and tests of association. The results showed greater exposure in the domains of relationships and social support, participation/supervision, psychological demands, and workload. Fifty-five percent of teachers had poor sleep quality. Arterial hypertension was the most frequent metabolic disease, and nearly half of the participants reported at least one metabolic condition. A significant association was found between sleep quality and metabolic disease (p=0.003), as well as greater psychosocial exposure among teachers with poor sleep quality and metabolic disease. These findings underscore the need to integrate preventive occupational health interventions that jointly address psychosocial factors, sleep, and metabolic health in teachers.