THE EVALUATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE REGARDING USE OF OTC DRUGS AMONG PUBLIC AND COLLEGE STUDENTS

Over-the-counter (OTC) medications are widely used for the management of minor health conditions and play an important role in promoting self-care practices. However, the increasing accessibility of these medications has led to growing concerns regarding irrational use and associated health risks. The present study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and practice regarding OTC drug use among college students and the general public. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire to assess participants’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to OTC medications. The findings revealed a high prevalence of self-medication, particularly among younger individuals. Although participants demonstrated basic awareness about OTC drugs, notable gaps were identified in understanding appropriate dosage, safety precautions, and potential adverse effects. A significant knowledge–practice gap was observed, with many individuals continuing to use medications without professional consultation, relying on previous prescriptions, and practicing improper dosing. Analgesics and antipyretics were identified as the most commonly used OTC drugs, while inappropriate antibiotic use emerged as a major concern contributing to antimicrobial resistance. Factors such as convenience, affordability, accessibility, and digital media influence were found to play an important role in self-medication behaviour. The study emphasizes the need for comprehensive interventions including public awareness, educational initiatives, pharmacist involvement, and stricter regulatory enforcement. In conclusion, although OTC medications offer convenience and support self-care, irrational use may result in serious health risks. A balanced and regulated approach is necessary to ensure safe and responsible use of OTC medications and to protect public health.