Time‐Dependent Magnetized Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Induced by Swirling Disk With Radiation and Heat Source/Sink Effects

ABSTRACT The fluid flow in the vicinity of surface of a swirling disk offers a wide range of practical applications in industries and biological systems. In the present study, the unsteady flow of hybrid nanofluid consist of water–ethylene glycol (EG–water) mixture composed of cobalt ferrite and magnetite nanoparticles over a stretching and shrinking porous rotating disk. The disk experiences velocity conditions at its surface, due to a vertical magnetic field and thermal radiation. The main goal of this investigation is to simulate the effects of radiation, suction/ injection , stretching/shrinking, unsteadiness, and internal heat on key fluid flow properties, including skin friction, velocity, and temperature profiles. Furthermore, two comparisons are conducted. First, an evaluation is performed between hybrid nanofluid and nanofluid, and second, a thermal conductivity assessment is conducted for evaluating two different base fluids, that is, water and EG–water mixture with the help of the Nusselt number. The mathematical model of this problem consists of partial differential equations are translated into ordinary differential equation using similarity variables that are solved with MATLAB built‐in package bvp4c. It is noticed that, for EG–water mixture heat conduction increases by 15.7% for a decelerating disk and 47.92% for stretching. In the case of water, the Nussult number increases by 1.77% for the decelerating disk and 1.76% for the expanding sheet. These results show that the water–ethylene glycol mixture is more effective than water as a base fluid.