BHESHAJA CHATUSHKA: THE FOUNDATIONAL FRAMEWORK OF DRUG RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN CHARAKA SAMHITA

Background and introduction: As a primary text of the Brihattrayi, the Charaka Samhita stands as a definitive classical guide in Ayurveda. It logically structures the eight sthanas, with Bheshaja Chatushka in Sutra Sthana occupies a foundational position in establishing the principles of drug science. It establishes the foundation for understanding drug origin, classification, formulation, and rational application aimed at restoring dhatu-samya. Materials and methods: A classical textual analysis of Dirghanjivitiya, Apamarga Tanduliya, Aragvadhiya and Shadvirechanashatashritiya was conducted to examine organizational structure of drug knowledge, including classification systems, formulation methods, and systematic grouping of preparations. Results: Together, these chapters present a structured and comprehensive model for drug identification, grouping, preparation, and application. Discussion: Bheshaja Chatushka provides a systematic framework for drug identification, grouping, formulations and rational therapeutic application serving as a foundational model for Ayurvedic drug research and development.