Time-dependent adaptation and clinical efficacy of complete dentures: evidence from a Bayesian mixed-effects model

To investigate the clinical efficacy of Biofunctional Prosthetic System (BPS) complete dentures during the early adaptation period, with a focus on functional outcomes and patient-reported quality of life as assessed by the Oral Health Impact Profile for Edentulous Patients (OHIP-EDENT). A single-arm prospective cohort study evaluated masticatory efficiency (ME), occlusal function (occlusal contact area [OCA], asymmetry index of occlusal force [AOF]), and OHIP-EDENT at baseline, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months post-insertion. A Bayesian mixed-effects model was employed to analyze repeated measures, providing robust probabilistic inference on temporal trajectories and influencing factors. Data from 18 patients were analyzed. Denture-wearing time was the principal determinant of outcomes. OHIP-EDENT scores improved within the first week, while ME and OCA showed progressive consolidation by 1 and 3 months, revealing a staged adaptation process. No consistent associations were observed for age, sex, or prior denture experience within the early observation period. Time emerged as the main determinant of early BPS denture adaptation. The findings delineate a sequential adaptation pattern in which early psychosocial benefits, as measured by OHIP-EDENT, precede functional recovery. These results underscore the importance of structured clinical follow-ups at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months, and demonstrate the methodological value of Bayesian mixed-effects models in enhancing inference in prosthodontic research and generating clinically relevant guidance for patient management. (Retrospectively registered: The Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, No. ChiCTR2400082742 (07/04/2024))