Mesenchymal stem cell-mediated regulation of neuroinflammation and amyloid-β clearance: A promising therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily characterized by cognitive decline. Its pathogenesis is complex, involving multiple pathological processes, including amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, neuroinflammation, and synaptic dysfunction. In recent years, the role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in AD therapy has garnered significant attention. MSCs, through their multi-directional differentiation potential and paracrine effects, exhibit remarkable neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties, influencing AD progression. This review summarizes the potential mechanisms and effects of MSCs in AD treatment and explores precision therapeutic strategies based on MSC modulation.