Impulse‐Type Transmission Efficiency Modulation in Ferroelectric Nematic Liquid Crystals in the Nematic Phase and in Ferroelectric Nematic/Nematic Blends

ABSTRACT Recent research on in‐plane switching liquid crystal displays (IPS‐LCDs) employing ferroelectric nematic (N F ) LC, 3FM‐C4T, revealed a fast‐response impulse‐type modulation of transmission efficiency ( TE ) under the application of rectangular‐wave voltages at 130°C in the N F phase. This study demonstrates that impulse‐type TE modulation is a universally observed phenomenon in LCs with significant polarization. The results indicate that the impulse‐type TE modulations are not limited to 3FM‐C4T, but can also be realized in other LC systems. Notably, impulse‐type TE modulations are demonstrated in the N phase for both DIO and RM734. Furthermore, based on the generalized understanding that N F LCs exhibit impulse‐type TE modulation in both the N F and N phases, a blended LC composed of conventional NLC and N F LC is fabricated, and it exhibits the impulse‐type TE modulation at approximately room temperature with a reduced driving voltage. Additionally, to elucidate the observed phenomena, nematic relaxor ferroelectrics are proposed to play a contributory role. These findings contribute to the expansion of N F LC research and broaden the range of applications and potential for practical implementation of impulse‐type TE modulation.