Synthesis, Molecular Structure, and Biological Properties of Novel 9 <i>H</i> ‐Carbazole‐Derived 1,3‐Thiazoles

ABSTRACT A series of novel 1,3‐thiazole derivatives (5a–5j) was synthesized and fully characterized by FT‐IR, NMR, and HR‐MS. The compounds were evaluated for antifungal activity and α‐glucosidase inhibition. Compounds 5e and 5j showed notable antifungal effects against Trichophyton rubrum and T. mentagrophytes . Among the series, compound 5g exhibited the most potent α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC 50 = 8.25 ± 0.12 μM), significantly stronger than acarbose. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations supported its stable binding within the enzyme active site, while DFT calculations suggested favorable electronic features associated with enhanced activity. In vivo evaluation further confirmed its glucose‐lowering effect in a zebrafish model. Overall, these findings identify compound 5g as a promising lead and highlight the 1,3‐thiazole scaffold as a valuable platform for the development of new α‐glucosidase inhibitors.