Dynamic Redox‐Active Self‐Assembled Monolayers Enable Robust Inverted Tin–Lead Perovskite Solar Cells
ABSTRACT Tin–lead (Sn–Pb) perovskites have quickly emerged as essential absorbers for narrow‐bandgap (NBG) perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, their development is severely constrained by interfacial energy‐level misalignment and chemical instability at the buried interface. This mismatch induces charge extraction barriers, while the rapid oxidation of Sn 2 + creates deep trap states and detrimental p‐type self‐doping. Here, we propose novel redox‐active self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) as functional hole‐transport layers (HTLs) using ferrocene (FC) derivatives, ferrocene acetic acid (FCAA) and ferrocene carboxylic acid (FCCA), showing better interfacial energetics and eliminating chemical defects via redox mediation. We found that the energy levels of FC‐based SAMs align more closely with the Sn–Pb perovskite, promoting efficient hole extraction. Moreover, the reversible FC/FC + redox process establishes a dynamic cycle, effectively suppressing the undesired oxygen‐ and light‐inducing metallic Pb 0 and oxidized Sn 4+ . FCAA, with a longer alkyl chain that enables stronger electron‐donating and redox properties, shows superior to FCCA, achieving a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.8%, and retains 95.8% after 2000 hours of storage with significantly inhibited oxidized Sn species. This study proposes a novel functional HTL for Sn–Pb PSCs, providing a promising way for high‐performance and stable all‐perovskite tandem photovoltaics.
Authors
- Z D Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3167-2251)
- Jinbo Zhao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0351-5025)
- Shengnan Zuo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4842-9871)
- Bingchen He (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3721-9990)
- Z L Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5680-0486)
- Hiroshi Segawa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8076-9722)
- F Yang
- Yating Guo
- Congcong Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9392-9342)
- Hongzhuo Wu
- Antonio Abate
- Jing Li
- Weiwei Zuo
- Meng Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0360-7791)
- Zhenhuang Su (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0026-2601)
Institutions
- University of Stuttgart (DE)
- Ningbo University of Technology (CN)
- Tokyo University of Science (JP)
- Queen Mary University of London (GB)
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE)
- Ministry of Education (IR)
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (CN)
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics (CN)
- University of Naples Federico II (IT)
- Henan Normal University (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Advanced Materials
- Published
- 2026-05-27
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.73258
- Primary Topic
- Perovskite Materials and Applications
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- National Natural Science Foundation of China