Dynamic Redox‐Active Self‐Assembled Monolayers Enable Robust Inverted Tin–Lead Perovskite Solar Cells

ABSTRACT Tin–lead (Sn–Pb) perovskites have quickly emerged as essential absorbers for narrow‐bandgap (NBG) perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, their development is severely constrained by interfacial energy‐level misalignment and chemical instability at the buried interface. This mismatch induces charge extraction barriers, while the rapid oxidation of Sn 2 + creates deep trap states and detrimental p‐type self‐doping. Here, we propose novel redox‐active self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) as functional hole‐transport layers (HTLs) using ferrocene (FC) derivatives, ferrocene acetic acid (FCAA) and ferrocene carboxylic acid (FCCA), showing better interfacial energetics and eliminating chemical defects via redox mediation. We found that the energy levels of FC‐based SAMs align more closely with the Sn–Pb perovskite, promoting efficient hole extraction. Moreover, the reversible FC/FC + redox process establishes a dynamic cycle, effectively suppressing the undesired oxygen‐ and light‐inducing metallic Pb 0 and oxidized Sn 4+ . FCAA, with a longer alkyl chain that enables stronger electron‐donating and redox properties, shows superior to FCCA, achieving a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.8%, and retains 95.8% after 2000 hours of storage with significantly inhibited oxidized Sn species. This study proposes a novel functional HTL for Sn–Pb PSCs, providing a promising way for high‐performance and stable all‐perovskite tandem photovoltaics.

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Journal
Advanced Materials
Published
2026-05-27
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.73258
Primary Topic
Perovskite Materials and Applications
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

Funders

Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
article

Dynamic Redox‐Active Self‐Assembled Monolayers Enable Robust Inverted Tin–Lead Perovskite Solar Cells

Z D Zhang, Jinbo Zhao, Shengnan Zuo, Bingchen He et al.
Advanced Materials
Perovskite Materials and Applications
article

Dynamic Redox‐Active Self‐Assembled Monolayers Enable Robust Inverted Tin–Lead Perovskite Solar Cells

Z D Zhang, Jinbo Zhao, Shengnan Zuo, Bingchen He, Z L Li, Hiroshi Segawa, F Yang, Yating Guo, Congcong Zhang, Hongzhuo Wu, Antonio Abate, Jing Li, Weiwei Zuo, Meng Li, Zhenhuang Su
article en

Abstract

ABSTRACT Tin–lead (Sn–Pb) perovskites have quickly emerged as essential absorbers for narrow‐bandgap (NBG) perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, their development is severely constrained by interfacial energy‐level misalignment and chemical instability at the buried interface. This mismatch induces charge extraction barriers, while the rapid oxidation of Sn 2 + creates deep trap states and detrimental p‐type self‐doping. Here, we propose novel redox‐active self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) as functional hole‐transport layers (HTLs) using ferrocene (FC) derivatives, ferrocene acetic acid (FCAA) and ferrocene carboxylic acid (FCCA), showing better interfacial energetics and eliminating chemical defects via redox mediation. We found that the energy levels of FC‐based SAMs align more closely with the Sn–Pb perovskite, promoting efficient hole extraction. Moreover, the reversible FC/FC + redox process establishes a dynamic cycle, effectively suppressing the undesired oxygen‐ and light‐inducing metallic Pb 0 and oxidized Sn 4+ . FCAA, with a longer alkyl chain that enables stronger electron‐donating and redox properties, shows superior to FCCA, achieving a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.8%, and retains 95.8% after 2000 hours of storage with significantly inhibited oxidized Sn species. This study proposes a novel functional HTL for Sn–Pb PSCs, providing a promising way for high‐performance and stable all‐perovskite tandem photovoltaics.

Advanced Materials
University of Stuttgart (DE), Ningbo University of Technology (CN), Tokyo University of Science (JP), Queen Mary University of London (GB), Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (DE), Ministry of Education (IR), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (CN), Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics (CN), University of Naples Federico II (IT), Henan Normal University (CN)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, National Natural Science Foundation of China
Affordable and clean energy
Openalex Percentile: Top 10%
Perovskite Materials and Applications
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.