Countering HPV Vaccine Misinformation on Social Media: Practical Strategies for Healthcare Providers

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is a highly effective strategy for preventing cervical and other HPV-related cancers; however, vaccine hesitancy remains a significant barrier to optimal vaccination rates. Social media has become a major source of health information while simultaneously amplifying misinformation that influences parental attitudes toward HPV vaccination. This narrative literature review examined the relationship between social media misinformation and HPV vaccine hesitancy and identified evidence-based strategies healthcare providers can use to improve vaccine confidence. A literature search of PubMed and Google Scholar identified 31 articles published between 2016 and 2025, of which 19 met inclusion criteria. The literature demonstrates a consistent association between exposure to vaccine misinformation and increased parental hesitancy, particularly regarding vaccine safety, fertility, and long-term health concerns. Although current evidence is largely observational and does not establish causation, findings support the importance of strong healthcare provider recommendations, inoculation communication strategies, culturally relevant public health messaging, and collaboration with social media platforms to counter misinformation. Equipping healthcare providers with practical communication tools and digital literacy skills may strengthen vaccine confidence, improve HPV vaccine uptake, and ultimately reduce the burden of HPV-related cancers.