Study on the Mechanical Properties of Convex-Stud Array Mesh Pads

Rail pads are widely used in track vibration and noise reduction, but traditional structures exhibit limitations in mechanical performance. To address this, this paper proposes an innovative convex-stud array mesh-type rail pad and investigates its potential for mechanical performance enhancement. Based on elastic mechanics and structural dynamics theories, this paper compares the stiffness and damping characteristics of four types of rail pads: convex-stud array mesh-type, mesh-type, convex-stud array-type, and groove-type. The influence of geometric parameters of the convex-stud array mesh-type on the mechanical properties of the rail pads is systematically investigated, providing theoretical support and optimization strategies for the design of new high-performance rail pads. Research findings indicate that, compared with other structures, the convex-stud array mesh-type rail pad exhibits lower stiffness and maximum stress, higher damping, and stronger free vibration attenuation. Further analysis shows that increasing the outer mesh aperture, decreasing the inner aperture, and reducing the bearing surface width of the studs lead to a decrease in stiffness and a progressive increase in maximum stress. Moreover, the damping ratio of the pad increases with a larger outer mesh aperture, a smaller inner aperture, and a wider stud bearing surface. These results reveal the significant influence of geometric parameters on the mechanical properties of convex-stud array mesh-type rail pad, providing a scientific basis for the optimized design of high-performance rail pads.