Seal-less vacuum venting for injection moulding: Experimental evidence of faster, cleaner and more energy-efficient production

• Seal-less active vacuum venting validated for macro-scale injection moulding. • Cycle time reduced by 23% with novel active venting, increasing productivity to 96.9 cycles/h. • Sink mark depth reduced by over 65% relative to no venting. • Energy consumption reduced by 15% despite vacuum generation. • Statistical analysis confirms AVV superiority over passive venting strategies.