Supply Chain Resilience and Indo-U.S. Relations Since 2020 Opportunities and Limitations

The disruptions caused by the U.S.–China trade war, the COVID-19 pandemic, the Russia-Ukraine war, and, more recently, the U.S. economic nationalist tariff policies have exposed the vulnerabilities of the highly concentrated and interdependent global supply chain network in recent years. These, in turn, have transformed the global supply chain as one of the primary issues of contemporary strategic competition. In this context, this article aims to explore supply chain resilience as a factor in India-U.S. strategic relations since 2020, using qualitative analysis of policy documents, agreements, government reports, journal articles, etc. The article examines three important driving factors: China, the COVID-19 pandemic, and strategic convergence in the Indo-Pacific region and highlights various Indo-U.S. cooperation initiatives and limitations. In the end, the article concludes that, while supply chain resilience has undoubtedly strengthened the Indo-U.S. relationship, it has not yet matured into a balanced or sustainable partnership.