P57: 4U 1957+11 as a CCEGA Black Star Candidate — Persistent Luminosity, Absent Quiescence, and Mass Gap Constraints

We identify 4U 1957+11 as the strongest current candidate for a CCEGA black star. The system shows persistent X-ray luminosity over 45+ years without quiescence, absent radio jet, and a compact object mass consistent with the black star regime 4.56–14.75 M☉. We compute the expected QPO frequencies, surface temperature, and echo timescale for the system. The four simultaneous observational criteria from P56 are satisfied. Dynamic mass measurement is the primary pending test.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-05-23
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20351670
Primary Topic
Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
Type
preprint
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preprint

P57: 4U 1957+11 as a CCEGA Black Star Candidate — Persistent Luminosity, Absent Quiescence, and Mass Gap Constraints

Marrc López Sánchez
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
preprint

P57: 4U 1957+11 as a CCEGA Black Star Candidate — Persistent Luminosity, Absent Quiescence, and Mass Gap Constraints

Marrc López Sánchez
preprint en

Abstract

We identify 4U 1957+11 as the strongest current candidate for a CCEGA black star. The system shows persistent X-ray luminosity over 45+ years without quiescence, absent radio jet, and a compact object mass consistent with the black star regime 4.56–14.75 M☉. We compute the expected QPO frequencies, surface temperature, and echo timescale for the system. The four simultaneous observational criteria from P56 are satisfied. Dynamic mass measurement is the primary pending test.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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P57: 4U 1957+11 as a CCEGA Black Star Candidate — Persistent Luminosity, Absent Quiescence, and Mass Gap Constraints — Marrc López Sánchez · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS