Socio-economic and demographic transformations in South Africa: implications for work-family conflict and gender inequality

Recent studies have revealed an increase in the share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector in South Africa. However, this increase does not necessarily indicate that the welfare of South African women is improving. Like in many parts of the world, even as they enter formal employment the women continue to be primarily responsible for the care of minor children and elderly members in their households and families. This chapter illustrates how the prevailing socio-economic and demographic changes in the country have the potential to result in widespread work-family conflict among working women and, in the process, perpetuate gender inequality. Existing labour legislations and collective agreements are also critically explored to determine their gaps in addressing this issue. The chapter concludes by proposing a research agenda, the findings of which at could assist in enhancing working women's ability to adequately balance their work and domestic roles.