Supplementary Materials for "Splitting-Based Optimal Frequency Regulation of Fixed- and Variable-Speed Pumped-Storage Units"

This repository provides supplementary materials and data for the manuscript “Splitting-Based Optimal Frequency Regulation of Fixed- and Variable-Speed Pumped-Storage Units.” The materials include the pump-turbine characteristic-curve data used for nonlinear benchmark validation, the block-structured state-space matrices of the proposed control-oriented model, and the convexity proof for the stage-wise local QP used in the splitting-based optimal-control formulation. These files support the modeling, validation, and optimization details reported in the manuscript.