Determinants of rainwater harvesting practices in rural communities of Limpopo Province, South Africa

Most rural parts of South Africa's Limpopo Province are faced with limited water access, provision, and inadequate infrastructure for water reticulation. With over 80% of the provincial population living in rural areas, water availability for domestic and agricultural use has become a source of concern. Rainwater harvesting (RWH) has emerged as an important source of alternative water supply for underserved communities during the summer rainfall season. RWH refers to the collection, storage and conservation of surface runoff for agricultural production and domestic uses. This study assessed the socio-economic characteristics and determinants of RWH practices in rural communities of Limpopo Province. Descriptive statistics were used to describe households' socio-economic characteristics and logistic regression was used to examine the determinants of RWH practices in rural communities. The analysis was based on a survey of 478 households selected using convenience and purposive sampling techniques. The key findings indicate that a significant number of households (63.8%) practiced RWH to augment available water for domestic use, albeit few households used the harvested water for portable use. Further analysis showed that a majority of those who adopted RWH practices were female (64.24%). The results of the empirical models indicate that there is a statistically significant positive relationship between perception, age and level of education in determining the adoption of RWH practices. The findings underline the importance of understanding the adoption of RWH in rural communities and highlight the vital role of education, knowledge, and income in rural communities with limited or no access to a water supply. The study highlights the need for policy to promote the benefits of harvesting rain-water for domestic use.