Advancing Urology Training: An In-Depth Evaluation of a 3D-Printed Ileal Conduit Simulation Model

Introduction: Conduitoscopy is a technically demanding procedure with limited opportunities for structured training. We evaluated the educational impact of a 3D-printed ileal conduit simulator on knowledge acquisition and perceived learning among urology trainees and fully qualified urologists (FQU). Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-group study during a national urology training course in 2024. Participants included U.K.-based resident doctors in year 3 and year 7, as well as FQU; participation was voluntary. Knowledge acquisition was assessed with a five-item multiple-choice questionnaire (MCQ) administered before and after training, while educational experience was evaluated post-training using the Michigan Standard Simulation Experience Scale (MiSSES), covering key educational sections. Comparisons of MCQ scores were analyzed using Welch’s t -test, and group differences in survey responses were assessed using Fisher’s exact test. Free-text comments were also collected and thematically analyzed to capture participants’ perceptions and suggestions. Results: Fifty-three participants completed the study (36 resident doctors in year 3 [RDY3], 9 in year 7 [RDY7], and 8 FQU). Agreement rates were high across all MiSSES sections, with 100% endorsing teaching quality and overall ratings. MCQ scores improved significantly after training (mean 2.55 vs 3.23, p < 0.001; Cohen’s d = 0.71). Comparison between RDY3 and the combined RDY7 + FQU group showed a significant difference in self-efficacy ( p = 0.003), while no statistically significant differences were observed in fidelity, educational value, or teaching quality. Conclusion: The 3D-printed ileal conduit simulator is an effective tool for conduitoscopy training, improving theoretical knowledge and receiving strong endorsement across key educational sections. Participant feedback highlighted its realism and educational value, alongside suggestions for minor refinements. These findings support its integration into structured endourology urology training programs.