Perceived Risks of Eastern Red Cedar Encroachment Among Rural and Nonrural Residents in Oklahoma

The encroachment of eastern red cedar ( Juniperus virginiana ) in the Great Plains of North America has profoundly impacted the prairies and increased fire risks at the urban-wildland interface. Many of the risks stem directly from fire exclusion, which is one of the most prevalent enablers of red cedar invasion. With the species’ rapid spread into suburban areas, active management is essential to prevent further damage from fire. A survey was conducted from November 2021 to January 2022 to assess knowledge of red cedar encroachment and perceived risks among 6 238 nonrural and rural residents in Oklahoma, USA. Data were analyzed using binary logistic and ordinal logistic regression models. The findings indicated that individuals with knowledge of red cedar encroachment, elderly residents, and those experiencing prolonged drought periods were likely to have a greater perceived risk of red cedar encroachment. In general, respondents in rural areas were more knowledgeable about red cedar encroachment than those in urban or suburban areas. The study results highlight the need for outreach to educate urban, suburban, and younger populations about the potential negative impacts of red cedar encroachment.