A compact harmonic-suppressed Metasurface rectifier for efficient RF-to-DC power conversion in wireless power transfer systems

<h2>Summary</h2> This study presents a compact harmonic-suppressed metasurface rectifier (HS-MSR) designed for efficient RF-to-DC power conversion in wireless power transfer (WPT) systems. By introducing four symmetrical T-slot resonant branches into the metasurface unit cell, high-order harmonic components generated by the nonlinear rectifying diode are effectively suppressed, improving conversion efficiency without additional filters. The metasurface employs a single-layer, fully integrated structure that allows direct impedance matching between the rectifier and the receiving surface, reducing circuit complexity and insertion loss. Both full-wave and co-simulation results verify an RF-to-DC efficiency of 75.6% under arbitrary polarization and wide incidence angles (0°–60°). Experimental validation with 2 × 2 and 4 × 4 prototypes further confirm the scalability and robustness of the proposed design. The HS-MSR provides a promising platform for system-level RF energy harvesting and high-efficiency WPT applications in compact electronic and internet of things (IoT) devices.