Design of a portable and user-friendly vibratory motor stimulation system integrated into smart leggings for older people

PURPOSE: The accelerated ageing process of the global population poses the challenge of developing new strategies and technologies to prevent the loss of independence in older adults. However, technologies aimed at preventing functional decline remain limited. This study designed and developed a wearable system consisting of smart leggings with integrated vibration motor stimulation to promote lower-extremity functional performance. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The prototype design included textile development, appropriate sizing, integration of vibration motors and electronic components, optimization of motor placement over the knee extensors with continuous 100 Hz stimulation, a smart belt with wireless connectivity, and a 24-hour battery life. A mobile application was developed to improve user interaction and treatment monitoring. The prototype was evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial involving 52 older adults assigned to experimental and control groups for 30 days. RESULTS: Significant improvements were observed in muscle strength and functional gait in the experimental group. Participants also reported positive perceptions regarding the comfort and usability of the smart leggings. CONCLUSION: The design and development of smart leggings represent a promisingopportunity to provide a user-friendly wearable technology that promotes functionalperformance and supports the independence of older adults.