An Insensitive Energetic Material as a High‐Performance Organic Cathode Toward Dual‐Mode Batteries

ABSTRACT Bridging long‐duration electrochemical power delivery with on‐demand, ultrafast explosive output within a single material could enable next‐generation mission‐critical power systems. Here, we report an insensitive yet energetic small molecule, 4,4′,6,6′‐tetramino(azo)‐1,3,5‐triazine (TAAT) as a high‐performance organic cathode for batteries with dual‐mode energy release. Guided by a modular “function‐by‐design” strategy, TAAT concurrently exhibits low solubility, reversible Li + storage, triggerable explosive output, and high insensitivity. In lithium batteries, TAAT delivers 215 mAh g −1 with a ≈ 3.0 V discharge plateau and sustains stable cycling over 700 cycles; TAAT||Li pouch cells power a mini quadcopter. Beyond electrochemistry, TAAT exhibits a detonation velocity of 7505 m s −1 and detonation pressure of 18.4 GPa, while remaining thermally and mechanically insensitive (T d ≈ 327 °C; impact >40 J; friction >360 N). The energetic response can be initiated by hot wire, laser, or detonator stimuli. These results establish TAAT as a proof‐of‐concept dual‐mode energy‐release material, advancing mission‐tailored battery technologies.

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Publication Details

Journal
Angewandte Chemie
Published
2026-05-21
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.1942275
Primary Topic
Advancements in Battery Materials
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

An Insensitive Energetic Material as a High‐Performance Organic Cathode Toward Dual‐Mode Batteries

Jiapeng Zhao, Wenjin Zhang, Chenghui Sun, Yuxin Xue et al.
Angewandte Chemie
Advancements in Battery Materials
article

An Insensitive Energetic Material as a High‐Performance Organic Cathode Toward Dual‐Mode Batteries

Jiapeng Zhao, Wenjin Zhang, Chenghui Sun, Yuxin Xue, Weixiao Ji, He Huang, Zhihao Liu, Siping Pang
article en

Abstract

ABSTRACT Bridging long‐duration electrochemical power delivery with on‐demand, ultrafast explosive output within a single material could enable next‐generation mission‐critical power systems. Here, we report an insensitive yet energetic small molecule, 4,4′,6,6′‐tetramino(azo)‐1,3,5‐triazine (TAAT) as a high‐performance organic cathode for batteries with dual‐mode energy release. Guided by a modular “function‐by‐design” strategy, TAAT concurrently exhibits low solubility, reversible Li + storage, triggerable explosive output, and high insensitivity. In lithium batteries, TAAT delivers 215 mAh g −1 with a ≈ 3.0 V discharge plateau and sustains stable cycling over 700 cycles; TAAT||Li pouch cells power a mini quadcopter. Beyond electrochemistry, TAAT exhibits a detonation velocity of 7505 m s −1 and detonation pressure of 18.4 GPa, while remaining thermally and mechanically insensitive (T d ≈ 327 °C; impact >40 J; friction >360 N). The energetic response can be initiated by hot wire, laser, or detonator stimuli. These results establish TAAT as a proof‐of‐concept dual‐mode energy‐release material, advancing mission‐tailored battery technologies.

Angewandte Chemie
Beijing Institute of Technology (CN)
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Affordable and clean energy
Openalex Percentile: Top 8%
Advancements in Battery Materials
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An Insensitive Energetic Material as a High‐Performance Organic Cathode Toward Dual‐Mode Batteries — Jiapeng Zhao, Wenjin Zhang, et al. · Angewandte Chemie (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS