A prospective study of TyG index and ePWV in relation to hypertension risk

This study aimed to assess the association of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) with the risk of hypertension in a population from Northwest China, using data from a prospective cohort of 1189 participants in Ningxia. The TyG index and ePWV were calculated, and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess their association with hypertension incidence. Additionally, restricted cubic spline analysis was employed to explore nonlinear relationships between the TyG index, ePWV, and hypertension. Over follow-up, blood pressure levels were higher than at baseline. The risk of hypertension onset progressively increased with rising TyG index and ePWV (TyG: HR = 1.459, 95% CI 1.250-1.702; ePWV: HR = 1.277, 95% CI 1.191-1.369). After adjusting for confounding factors, the associations remained significant (TyG: HR = 1.392, 95% CI 1.165-1.662; ePWV: HR = 1.453, 95% CI 1.253-1.685). Furthermore, the TyG index showed a linear association with hypertension, whereas ePWV exhibited a nonlinear relationship, highlighting their potential value in early risk assessment in this high-risk population.