Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Complementary and Alternative Medicine among primary care physicians in Qatar: A Cross-Sectional Study

BACKGROUND: Complementary medicine (CM), as defined by the World Health Organization, encompasses diverse health practices that are not fully integrated into conventional medical systems. Capturing physicians' knowledge and attitudes toward CM are fundamental for its safe and evidence-based incorporation into patient care. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and utilization of complementary medicine (CM) among primary healthcare physicians in Qatar. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among physicians employed at the Primary Health Care Corporation in Qatar. Data was collected between November 2023 and January 2024 using a validated, self-administered online questionnaire covering demographic characteristics, CM knowledge, attitudes, and utilization patterns. RESULTS: Of 106 respondents, only 22.6% reported attending a formal CM educational activity, yet 79.2% expressed interest in receiving such training. Physicians reported the greatest comfort in advising on spiritual healing (20.8%), Hijama (17.9%), massage therapy (14.2%), and meditation (14.2%). Overall, 80.2% indicated discussing CM benefits with patients, reflecting generally positive attitudes toward CM integration despite limited formal education. CONCLUSION: Primary healthcare physicians in Qatar exhibit favorable attitudes toward CM and engage patients in related discussions; however, substantial knowledge gaps persist. The strong interest in CM training suggests the need for structured, culturally relevant, and evidence-based educational programs to ensure safe integration of CM into clinical practice. Future research should explore the impact of targeted CM education on physician decision-making and patient outcomes. CONCLUSION: Primary healthcare physicians in Qatar exhibit favorable attitudes toward CM and engage patients in related discussions; however, substantial knowledge gaps persist. The strong interest in CM training suggests the need for structured, culturally relevant, and evidence-based educational programs to ensure safe integration of CM into clinical practice. Future research should explore the impact of targeted CM education on physician decision-making and patient outcomes.