Early-Stage Prediction of DC2 Tower Dynamic Behaviour Using Real-Time 3D Monitoring Coupled with OMA-Based Digital Twin

Structural vibrations caused by dynamic wind action are critical for high-rise buildings such as the DC2 Tower due to the potential for occupant discomfort. To ensure that the top acceleration remained below the required 1.5% g comfort limit, the tower’s stiffness was assessed through actual modal parameters—natural frequencies, mode shapes, and damping ratios—obtained through an innovative framework combining real-time 3D monitoring with a real-time digital twin model during construction. The digital twin was based on operational modal analysis (OMA) and continuously updated, allowing comparisons between measured parameters and static design-based values at different construction stages. When the first quarter of the tower was completed, it was already possible to observe that the vibration modes corresponded in shape to those estimated in the static design. However, the natural frequencies and damping ratios were higher than initially estimated, confirming greater stiffness. Consequently, the static design model was tuned early to match the measured frequencies obtained from the digital twin model, enabling accurate prediction of the final-state response. This prediction confirmed compliance with comfort criteria, eliminating the need for a tuned mass damper for vibration control. The prognosis was verified by the natural frequencies measured in the final state of the DC2 Tower.