Beyond trip counts: Women’s care trips in Santiago form denser networks than men’s

Women’s care trips in Santiago (Chile) form a denser and more triangulated aggregate network than men’s. We aggregated survey trips into zone-to-zone flows, built gender- and purpose-specific subgraphs using Pointwise Mutual Information, and tested the difference with a gender-permutation null model ( p < 0.005). These differences show that network and geographical methods can reveal structural patterns in care mobility that trip counts miss. A denser, more triangulated care network points to the need for stronger within-neighborhood connectivity, and transport planning informed by these methods can help identify where care-related infrastructure and local connections are most needed.