Design and Implementation of an Automatic Lighting System Using Infrared Sensors

This study presents the design and implementation of an automatic lighting system using infrared sensors for efficient electrical energy management. Many individuals unintentionally leave electrical appliances switched on after leaving a room, resulting in unnecessary energy consumption and increased electricity costs. The developed system automatically controls room lighting by switching the light on when occupants are detected and turning it off when the last person exits the room. The system also counts the number of occupants entering the room and transmits the information to a pre-registered GSM number. The proposed system consists of an ATmega328P microcontroller, infrared (IR) sensors, a Light Dependent Resistor (LDR), a four-bit counter, GSM module, and power supply unit. The integration of occupancy detection and automatic lighting control improves energy efficiency and reduces human effort in managing electrical appliances. The developed system provides a reliable and cost-effective solution for smart energy management in homes, offices, and public buildings.