Beyond Words: A Multidimensional Approach to Ethnographic Understanding of Sustainable HRM

Abstract This study investigates workers’ perceptions of sustainable human resource management (sustainable HRM) practices in the metal sector through an ethnographic approach, incorporating visual methods, such as photos taken by participants, to deepen understanding of how these practices are perceived and their influence on workers’ attitudes and behaviours. Using a qualitative methodology that triangulates archival data, interviews, field observations and visual analysis, the research offers a multidimensional exploration of sustainability in this industry. The findings reveal three key dimensions in workers’ perceptions of sustainable HRM: emotional, strategic and social. The emotional dimension emphasizes how sustainable practices strengthen workers’ connection to the organization, fostering a sense of belonging and commitment. The strategic dimension highlights sustainability as a catalyst for innovation and organizational growth. The social dimension underscores the positive influence of sustainable practices on workers’ well‐being and mental health. Additionally, the study identifies significant differences in the perception of sustainable HRM practices based on gender and hierarchical position, with distinct implications for organizational policies. By integrating visual analysis with other qualitative methods, this study illustrates how sustainable HRM extends beyond environmental concerns, contributing to the development of more resilient, collaborative and balanced organizational cultures.