Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Interventions for Enhancing Assertiveness and Conflict Resolution in Adolescents and Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Scoping Review

Abstract This scoping review examines the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) interventions in improving assertiveness and conflict resolution among adolescents and young adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). ASD often involves difficulties in social interaction, communication, and emotion regulation, limiting interpersonal relationships. Traditional training may be less effective due to cognitive and emotional differences, while VR offers immersive, controlled environments for practicing social skills. Following PRISMA guidelines, 15 studies (2015–2024) were analyzed, showing that VR improves assertiveness, emotional expression, and social reciprocity. Immersive VR better supports skill generalization to real-life contexts, though challenges remain regarding accessibility and individual adaptation. Larger studies are needed to evaluate long-term outcomes and explore integration with other intervention strategies.