Comparison between CO2 storage and H2 storage: selecting the optimal choice through screening

This study investigates the storage of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and hydrogen (H₂) in aquifers, focusing on their roles in mitigating climate change and advancing clean energy development. The research aims to evaluate the current state of scientific knowledge, identify trends in publication data, and analyze the potential of these storage technologies. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including quantitative analysis of publication trends and qualitative assessment of the environmental, technological, and economic implications of CO₂ and H₂ storage. The results reveal that CO₂ storage has received considerably more attention, with a steady increase in research publications, reflecting its maturity and established role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In contrast, H₂ storage remains an emerging area with fewer studies, highlighting significant knowledge gaps. The findings underscore the complementarity of CO₂ and H₂ storage, with CO₂ storage offering immediate climate benefits and H₂ storage enabling sustainable, long-term energy solutions. This study contributes novel insights by emphasizing the need for innovative technologies, international collaboration, and targeted research to optimize storage methods. The analysis provides a valuable framework for advancing the state of knowledge in aquifer storage, supporting the global transition to sustainable energy systems while addressing environmental and technical challenges in the petroleum and energy industries.