Synthesis and characterization of bi-functional Co-Ag MOF@CuO nanorods as an innovative robust heterogeneous catalytic material for the fabrication of fused 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives

Abstract This study used the co-precipitation method to produce novel nanorods from bi-functional Co-Ag metal-organic frameworks (BF Co-Ag MOF). CuO was then immobilized onto the BF Co-Ag MOF to create a new heterogeneous catalytic material (BF Co-Ag MOF@CuO). This material was thoroughly examined using several analytical methods, including field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N 2 adsorption-desorption, vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The one-pot, multi-component Hantzsch fabrication of biologically significant fused 1,4-dihydropyridines (1,4-DHPs) was used to assess the synthesized nanorods’ catalytic efficiency. Dimedone, commercially available aldehydes, and ammonium acetate as a nitrogen source were used in this chemical reaction at 60 °C in aqueous media. 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR spectroscopy were used to thoroughly analyze the obtained products. The quick fabrication of a wide variety of 1,4-DHPs with short chemical transformation times, straightforward experimental and work-up processes, simple catalytic material preparation, outstanding catalytic performance, notable product outputs, an eco-friendly solvent, and reusability are just a few benefits of the suggested approach.