Combating antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture: the stakeholders survey in Nigeria

The aquaculture practices have contributed immensely to the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly in developing countries where antibiotic use is often poorly regulated. This study employed a cross-sectional survey design to assess the perceptions, knowledge, and practices among stakeholders in Nigerian aquaculture regarding AMR, with a particular focus on biosecurity measures. A one-day stakeholder engagement was conducted at the University of Lagos, Nigeria, involving 97 participants, including 40 researchers, 30 aquaculture farmers, 19 government officials, and 8 others. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics including weighted averages, standard deviations, and Pearson’s Chi-square (X2) tests of independence to evaluate associations between stakeholder categories and AMR-related variables. The study revealed a notable reliance on antibiotics for prophylactic disease control, rather than use as growth promoting agent. A significant number of farmers (83.3%) implemented some form of biosecurity, primarily through disinfection procedures, feed checks, and regular health monitoring of stocks. However, the perceived effectiveness of these measures varied among respondents, highlighting challenges in implementing truly effective biosecurity protocols. The study underscores the need for a comprehensive approach to address the growing antimicrobial resistance threat in the Nigerian aquaculture sector, including enhancing understanding of responsible antimicrobial use, promoting alternative disease control strategies, and strengthening surveillance and monitoring systems.